Wednesday, November 11, 2015

Oracle PL SQL Questions and Answers for Newbies

I thought, it would be helpful to post sample PL SQL questions for newbies.  You can be PLSQL Programmer if you practice these questions. :-)

1.Write a program to print the following format
WELCOME TO PL/SQL PROGRAMMING
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('WELCOME TO PL/SQL PROGRAMMING');
END;
/
2.Write a program to print the numbers from 1 to 100
DECLARE
N NUMBER(3):=1;
V VARCHAR2(1000);
BEGIN
WHILE N <=1000
LOOP
V:=V||''||N;
N:=N+1;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
END;
/
3.write a program to print the even numbers from 1 to 100
DECLARE
N NUMBER(3):=0;
BEGIN
WHILE N <=100
LOOP
N:=N+2;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(N);
END LOOP;
END;
/
4.Write a program to print the odd numbers from 1 to 100
DECLARE
N NUMBER(3):=1;
BEGIN
WHILE N <=100
LOOP
N:=N+2;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(N);
END LOOP;
END;
/
5.write a program for multiplication table
DECLARE
A NUMBER(2):=&A;
B NUMBER(2):=1;
C NUMBER(3);
BEGIN
WHILE B <=10
LOOP
C:=A*B;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(A||'*'||B||'='||C);
B:=B+1;
END LOOP;
END;
/
6.write a program to find the sum of numbers from 1 to 100
DECLARE
N NUMBER(3):=1;
S NUMBER(4):=0;
BEGIN
WHILE N <=100
LOOP
S:=S+N;
N:=N+1;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE SUM OF 1 TO 100 IS '||S);
END;
/
7.Write a program to find the sum of all odd numbers from 1 to 100
DECLARE
N NUMBER(3):=1;
S NUMBER(4):=0;
BEGIN
WHILE N <=100
LOOP
S:=S+N;
N:=N+2;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE SUM OF 1 TO 100 ODD NUMBERS IS '||S);
END;
/
8.Write a program to find the sum of all even numbers from 1 to 100
DECLARE
N NUMBER(3):=0;
S NUMBER(4):=0;
BEGIN
WHILE N <=100
LOOP
S:=S+N;
N:=N+2;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE SUM OF 1 TO 100 EVEN NUMBERS IS '||S);
END;
/
9.Write a program to accept a number and find how many digits it contain
DECLARE
N NUMBER(5):=&N;
CNT NUMBER:=0;
R NUMBER(2):=0;
BEGIN
WHILE N !=0
LOOP
R:=MOD(N,10);
CNT:=CNT+1;
N:=TRUNC(N/10);
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('NUMBER OF DIGITS OF GIVEN NUMBER IS '||CNT);
END;
/
10.Write a program to accept a number and find the sum of the digits
DECLARE
N NUMBER(5):=&N;
S NUMBER:=0;
R NUMBER(2):=0;
BEGIN
WHILE N !=0
LOOP
R:=MOD(N,10);
S:=S+R;
N:=TRUNC(N/10);
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SUM OF DIGITS OF GIVEN NUMBER IS '||S);
END;
/
11.Write a program to accept a number and print it in reverse order
DECLARE
N NUMBER(5):=&N;
REV NUMBER(5):=0;
R NUMBER(5):=0;
BEGIN
WHILE N !=0
LOOP
R:=MOD(N,10);
REV:=REV*10+R;
N:=TRUNC(N/10);
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE REVERSE OF A GIVEN NUMBER IS '||REV);
END;
/
12.Write a program to accept a no and check whether it is Armstrong number or not
13.Write a porgram to generate all the Armstrong numbers from 1 to 1000
14.Write a program to generate all prime numbers between 1 to 100
15.Write a program to aceept a number and check whether it is prime number or not
16.Write a program to display the fibonacci series from 1 to 10
17.Write a program to aceept a number and print it in binary format
18.Write a program to accept a number and find the factorial of the number
19.Find the factorials of numbers from 1 to 10
DECLARE
FACT NUMBER:=1;
V VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..10
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
FACT:=FACT*J;
V:=J||'*'||V;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(RTRIM(V,'*')||'='||FACT);
FACT:=1;
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
20.Write a program to aceept a number and display it in the Octal format
DECLARE
N NUMBER(2):=&N;
R NUMBER(2);
V VARCHAR2(1000);
BEGIN
WHILE N>0
LOOP
R:=MOD(N,8);
V:=R||V;
N:=TRUNC(N/8);
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('OCTAL OF A GIVEN NUMBER IS '||V);
END;
/
21.Write a program to accept a number and print the multiplication tables upto soo
DECLARE
N NUMBER(2):=&N;
M NUMBER;
BEGIN
FOR I IN N..N+5
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..10
LOOP
M:=I*J;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(I||'*'||J||'='||M);
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('*********************');
END LOOP;
END;
/
22.Write a program to accept the temp in Centigrade and convert it into Fahrenheit(c=F-32/1.8)
DECLARE
C NUMBER:=&C;
F NUMBER;
BEGIN
F:=C*1.8+32;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE FARENHETT OF GIVEN OC IS '||F);
END;
/
23.Write a program to calculate the area of a triangle by accepting the 3 sides
(s=(a+b+c)/2 area=sqrt(s*(s-a)*(s-b)*(s-c)))
DECLARE
S NUMBER;
A NUMBER:=&A;
B NUMBER:=&B;
C NUMBER:=&C;
AREA NUMBER(7,2);
BEGIN
S:=(A+B+C)/2;
AREA:=SQRT(S*(S-A)*(S-B)*(S-C));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE AREA OF TRIANGLE IS '||AREA);
END;
/
24.Write a program to calculate the area of a circle by accepting the radius and unit of measure Area=PI*r2
DECLARE
R NUMBER:=&R;
AREA NUMBER(7,2);
BEGIN
AREA:=(22/7)*R*R;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE AREA OF CIRCLE IS '||AREA);
END;
/
25.Write a program to calculate the perimeter of a circle(perimeter=2*PI*r)
DECLARE
R NUMBER:=&R;
PERIMETER NUMBER(7,2);
BEGIN
PERIMETER:=2*(22/7)*R;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE PERIMETER OF CIRCLE IS '||PERIMETER);
END;
/
26.Write a program to accept the 3 sides of the triangle and display the type of triangle
DECLARE
A NUMBER(4,2):=&A;
B NUMBER(4,2):=&B;
C NUMBER(4,2):=&C;
PERIMETER NUMBER(7,2);
BEGIN
IF (A=B AND B=C AND C=A) THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE');
ELSIF A=B OR A=C OR C=B THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ISOSOCELESS TRIANGLE');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SCALEN TRIANGLE');
END IF;
END;
/
27.Write a program accept the value of A,B&C display which is greater
DECLARE
A NUMBER(4,2):=&A;
B NUMBER(4,2):=&B;
C NUMBER(4,2):=&C;
BEGIN
IF (A>B AND A>C) THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('A IS GREATER '||''||A);
ELSIF B>C THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('B IS GREATE '||''||B);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('C IS GREATER '||''||C);
END IF;
END;
/
28.Write a program accept a string and check whether it is palindrome or not
DECLARE
S VARCHAR2(10):='&S';
L VARCHAR2(20);
TEMP VARCHAR2(10);
BEGIN
FOR I IN REVERSE 1..LENGTH(S)
LOOP
L:=SUBSTR(S,I,1);
TEMP:=TEMP||''||L;
END LOOP;
IF TEMP=S THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(TEMP ||''||' IS PALINDROME');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(TEMP ||''||' IS NOT PALINDROME');
END IF;
END;
/
29.Write a program aceepts the value of A,B and swap the nos and print the values
DECLARE
A NUMBER(2):=&A;
B NUMBER(2):=&B;
FLAG NUMBER(2);
BEGIN
FLAG:=A;
A:=B;
B:=FLAG;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('A '||'= '||A||' AND '||''||'B '||'= '||B);
END;
/
30.Write a program to accept the values of A , B and swap the numbers and print the values
without using third variable
DECLARE
A NUMBER(2):=&A;
B NUMBER(2):=&B;
FLAG NUMBER(2);
BEGIN
FLAG:=A;
A:=B;
B:=FLAG;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('A '||'= '||A||' AND '||''||'B '||'= '||B);
END;
/
31.Write a program to accept the side of a square and calculate the area area =a2
DECLARE
A NUMBER:=&A;
AREA NUMBER(5);
BEGIN
AREA:=A*A;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('AREA OF A SQUARE IS '||''||AREA);
END;
/
32.Write a program to accept principle amount ,rate,time calculate the simple interest si=(p*t*r)/100
DECLARE
P NUMBER(6,2):=&P;
R NUMBER(6,2):=&R;
T NUMBER(6,2):=&T;
SI NUMBER(6,2);
BEGIN
SI:=(P*R*T)/100;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SIMPLE INTEREST IS '||''||SI);
END;
/
33.Erite a program to aceept the principle amount,rate,time and find the compound interest
ci=p*(1+r/100)n
DECLARE
P NUMBER(6,2):=&P;
R NUMBER(6,2):=&R;
T NUMBER(6,2):=&T;
CI NUMBER(6,2);
BEGIN
CI:=P*POWER(1+(R/100),T);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('COMPOUND INTEREST IS '||CI);
END;
/
34.WAP to calculate the sum of 1!+2!+......+n!
DECLARE
N NUMBER:=&N;
S NUMBER:=0;
F NUMBER:=1;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..N
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
F:=F*J;
END LOOP;
S:=S+F;
F:=1;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SUM OF FACT IS '||S);
END;
/
35.WAP to calculate the sum of 1+1/2+1/3+......+1/n
DECLARE
N NUMBER:=&N;
A NUMBER;
S NUMBER(6,2):=0;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..N
LOOP
A:=1/I;
S:=S+A;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SUM OF NO ARE '||S);
END;
/
36.WAP to calculate the sum of 1/1!+1/2!+.....+1/n!
DECLARE
N NUMBER:=&N;
S NUMBER(6,2):=0;
F NUMBER:=1;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..N
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
F:=F*J;
END LOOP;
S:=S+(1/F);
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SUM IS '||S);
END;
/
37.WAP to calculate the sum of 1/1!+2/2!+......+n/n!
DECLARE
N NUMBER(4):=&N;
S NUMBER(6,2):=0;
F NUMBER(4):=1;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..N
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
F:=F*J;
END LOOP;
S:=S+(I/F);
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SUM OF FACT IS '||S);
END;
/
38.Write a program to display the months between two dates of a year
DECLARE
D DATE:='&D';
D1 DATE:='&D1';
BEGIN
WHILE D < D1
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(TO_CHAR(D,'MONTH'));
D:=ADD_MONTHS(D,1);
END LOOP;
END;
/
39.Write a program to accept the date and print the weekdays from the given date
DECLARE
D DATE:='&D';
WD DATE;
BEGIN
WD:=D+6;
WHILE D <= WD
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(TO_CHAR(D,'DAY'));
D:=D+1;
END LOOP;
END;
/
40.WAP to accept the date and print the weekdays from the given date along with date format
DECLARE
D DATE:='&D';
WD DATE;
BEGIN
WD:=D+6;
WHILE D <= WD
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(TO_CHAR(D,'DAY')||D);
D:=D+1;
END LOOP;
END;
/
41.Writa a program to accept a year and check whether it is leap year or not
DECLARE
Y NUMBER:=&Y;
R NUMBER;
BEGIN
IF MOD(Y,4)=0 AND MOD(Y,100)!=0 OR MOD(Y,400)=0
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(Y ||' IS A LEAP YEAR');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(Y ||' IS NOT A LEAP YEAR');
END IF;
END;
/
42.Write a program to accept a year and display all sundays along with the date
DECLARE
Y NUMBER(4):=&YYYY;
A DATE;
B DATE;
I NUMBER(2):=1;
BEGIN
A:=TO_DATE('01-JAN-'||Y,'DD-MON-YYYY');
B:=LAST_DAY(ADD_MONTHS(A,11));
WHILE A <= B
LOOP
IF TO_CHAR(A,'D')=1 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(LPAD(I,2,'0')||'-'||UPPER(TO_CHAR(A,'DAY'))||A);
I:=I+1;
END IF;
A:=A+1;
END LOOP;
END;
/
43.WAP to accept a string and count how many vowels present in the string
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(300):='&V';
CNT NUMBER(5):=0;
C CHAR;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..LENGTH(V)
LOOP
C:=SUBSTR(V,I,1);
IF C IN ('A','E','I','O','U') THEN
CNT:=CNT+1;
END IF;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('NO OF VOWELS PRESENT = '||CNT);
END;
/
44.Write a program to accept a year and check whether it is leap year or not . If it is
leap year then display how many sundays present in that year
DECLARE
D DATE:='&YEAR';
Y VARCHAR2(20);
CNT NUMBER(5):=0;
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
Y:=TO_CHAR(D,'YYYY');
D:=TO_DATE('01-JAN-'||Y);
IF MOD(Y,4)=0 AND MOD(Y,100)!=0 OR MOD(Y,400)=0 THEN
FOR I IN 1..366
LOOP
V:=TO_CHAR(D,'D');
IF V=1 THEN
CNT:=CNT+1;
END IF;
D:=D+1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('NO OF VOWELS PRESENT = '||CNT);
END LOOP;
END;
/
45.Write a program to accept a char and check it is vowel or consonant
DECLARE
C CHAR:='&C';
BEGIN
IF C='A' OR C='E' OR C='I' OR C='O' OR C='U' THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('VOWEL');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('CONSONANT');
END IF;
END;
/
46.WAP to accept A,B,C & D check whether it is Ramanujan number or not
DECLARE
A NUMBER:=&A;
B NUMBER:=&B;
C NUMBER:=&C;
D NUMBER:=&D;
BEGIN
IF
POWER(A,3)+POWER(B,3)=POWER(C,3)+POWER(D,3) THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(A||CHR(179)||'+'||B||CHR(179)||'='||C||CHR(179)||'+'||D||CHR(179));
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(A||CHR(179)||'+'||B||CHR(179)||'!='||C||CHR(179)||'+'||D||CHR(179));
END IF;
END;
/
47.WAP to accept the CMR & LMR & find out the total bill amount
i)0-100 units Rs.50 per unit ii)101-200n units Rs.o.25 per unit
iii)>200 units Rs.1.25 per unit
DECLARE
LMR NUMBER(5):=&LMR;
CMR NUMBER(5):=&CMR;
TOT NUMBER(5):=0;
BILL NUMBER(7,2):=0;
BEGIN
TOT:=CMR-LMR;
IF TOT <= 100 THEN
BILL:=TOT*.50;
ELSIF TOT > 100 AND TOT <= 200 THEN
BILL:=(100*.50)+((TOT-100)*.75);
ELSE
BILL:=(100*.50)+(100*.75)+(TOT-200)*1.25;
END IF;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('TOTAL UNIT CONSUMED '||TOT);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('TOTAL BILL AMOUNT '||BILL);
END;
/
48.WAP or accept marks of 3 subject as i/p and calculate the total marks and division of a student
i) If totmark>=60 then division is First
ii) If totmark <60 and="" totmark="">=50 then division is second
iii) If totmark< 50 and >=35 then division is third
iv) If totmark< 35 then fail
DECLARE
M1 NUMBER(2):=&M1;
M2 NUMBER(2):=&M2;
M3 NUMBER(2):=&M3;
TOTMARK NUMBER(5,2);
AVE NUMBER(5,2):=0;
BEGIN
TOTMARK:=M1+M2+M3;
AVE:=TOTMARK/3;
IF AVE>=60 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE DIVISION IS FIRST '||AVE);
ELSIF AVE<60 and="" ave="">=50 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE DIVISION IS SECOND '||AVE);
ELSIF AVE<50 and="" ave="">=35 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE DIVISION IS THIRD '||AVE);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('FAIL '||AVE);
END IF;
END;
/
49.WAP to accept a number and print its multiplication table horinzontally
DECLARE
J NUMBER:=&J;
V VARCHAR2(1000);
K NUMBER(3);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..10
LOOP
K:=J*I;
V:=V||J||'*'||I||'='||K||' ';
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
END;
/
50.WAP to accept a string and print it in reverse order
DECLARE
STR VARCHAR2(100):='&sTR';
STR1 VARCHAR2(100);
N NUMBER(5);
L VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
N:=LENGTH(STR);
FOR I IN 1..N
LOOP
L:=SUBSTR(STR,I,1);
STR1:=L||STR1;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(STR1);
END;
/
51.Write a program to accept a number and find out the sum of first and
last digits
DECLARE
A NUMBER(4):=&A;
B NUMBER(5):=0;
C NUMBER(5):=0;
S NUMBER(5);
BEGIN
IF A>9 THEN
C:=SUBSTR(A,1,1);
B:=SUBSTR(A,LENGTH(A),1);
S:=B+C;
ELSE
S:=A;
END IF;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SUM OF FIRST AND LAST DIGIT IS '||S);
END;
/
52.WAP to accept the basic salary and find out the ta,da,hra,lic and gs
i)ta 20% of basic, da 10% of basic, hra 30% of basic, lic 5% of basic
DECLARE
BS NUMBER(6,2):=&BS;
TA NUMBER(6,2);
DA NUMBER(6,2);
HRA NUMBER(6,2);
GS NUMBER(6,2);
LIC NUMBER(6,2);
NS NUMBER(8,2);
BEGIN
TA:=BS*(20/100);
HRA:=BS*(30/100);
DA:=BS*(10/100);
LIC:=BS*(5/100);
GS:=TA+HRA+DA;
NS:=GS-LIC;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPLOYEE BS IS '||BS);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('GROSS SALARY IS '||GS);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('NET SALARY IS '||NS);
END;
/
53.WAP to accept the length and breadth of a rectangle and find out the perimeter
DECLARE
L NUMBER(4,2):=&L;
B NUMBER(4,2):=&B;
A NUMBER(4,2);
BEGIN
A:=2*(L+B);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE PERIMETER OF RECTANGLE IS '||A);
END;
/
54.WAP to accept the cost price and selling price of an item and find
the loss or profit
DECLARE
CP NUMBER(25,2):=&CP;
SP NUMBER(25,2):=&SP;
AMT NUMBER(7,2);
BEGIN
IF CP < SP THEN
AMT:=SP-CP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('PROFIT IS '||AMT);
ELSE
AMT:=CP-SP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('LOSS IS '||AMT);
END IF;
END;
/
55.Writ a program to generate the following series
53 53 53 53 53
43 43 43 43
33 33 33
23 23
13
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN REVERSE 1..5
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
V:=V||I||CHR(179);
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
56.WAP to accept a no in binary format and print it in decimal format
DECLARE
N VARCHAR2(20):=&N;
PRO NUMBER(10,4):=0;
L VARCHAR2(10);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..LENGTH(N)
LOOP
L:=SUBSTR(N,I,1);
PRO:=PRO+L*POWER(2,LENGTH(N)-I);
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE DECIMAL NUMBER IS '||PRO);
END;
/
57.WAP to accept two nos and input and find one no is raised to another one (without using any function)
DECLARE
A NUMBER:=&A;
B NUMBER:=&B;
R NUMBER:=1;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..B
LOOP
R:=R*A;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('A RAISED POWER B IS '||R);
END;
/
58.WAP to accept a sentence and count the no of chars in that sentence
DECLARE
STR VARCHAR2(100):='&STR';
NO NUMBER(5):=0;
I NUMBER;
BEGIN
I:=INSTR(STR,'.');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('NO OF CHAR IS '||I);
END;
/
59.WAP to accept two strings and display the large one among those
DECLARE
STR1 VARCHAR2(100):='&STR1';
STR2 VARCHAR2(100):='&STR2';
BEGIN
IF LENGTH(STR1) > LENGTH(STR2) THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(STR1 ||' IS GREATER');
ELSIF LENGTH(STR1) < LENGTH(STR2) THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(STR2 ||' IS GREATER');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('BOTH STRINGS ARE EQUAL');
END IF;
END;
/
60.WAP to display all the nos whose sum of digits is 9 from 1 to 9999
DECLARE
N NUMBER;
M NUMBER;
S NUMBER:=0;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..999
LOOP
N:=I;
WHILE N>0
LOOP
M:=MOD(N,10);
S:=S+M;
N:=TRUNC(N/10);
END LOOP;
IF S=9 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(I||' ');
END IF;
S:=0;
END LOOP;
END;
/
61.WAP to accept a no and find the sum in a single digit
DECLARE
N NUMBER(4):=&N;
S NUMBER(10):=0;
BEGIN
WHILE LENGTH(N)>1
LOOP
FOR I IN 1..LENGTH(N)
LOOP
S:=S+SUBSTR(N,I,1);
END LOOP;
N:=S;
S:=0;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE SUM IN SINGLE DIGIT IS '||N);
END;
/
62.Ente the no of days and find out the no of years and no of days and months
DECLARE
D NUMBER:=&D;
Y NUMBER;
M NUMBER;
BEGIN
Y:=TRUNC(D/365);
M:=TRUNC(MOD(D,365)/30);
D:=MOD(MOD(D,365),30);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(Y||' YEARS '||M||' MONTHS '||D||' DAYS');
END;
/
63.WAP to accept the date and print all the weekdays along with the given date
DECLARE
D DATE:='&D';
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..7
LOOP
V:=TO_CHAR(D,'DAY')||D;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
D:=D+1;
END LOOP;
END;
/
64.WAP while purchasing certain items,discount of each is as follows
i) If qty purchased > 1000 discount is 20%
ii) If the qty and price per item are i/p then calculate the expenditure
DECLARE
QTY NUMBER(5):=&QTY;
UP NUMBER(6,2):=&UP;
DIS NUMBER(6,2):=0;
TAMT NUMBER(10,2);
BILL NUMBER(10,2);
BEGIN
BILL:=QTY*UP;
IF BILL > 1000 THEN
DIS:=BILL*20/1000;
END IF;
TAMT:=BILL-DIS;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE TOTAL AMOUNT IS '||TAMT);
END;
/
65.Write a program to accept a string and count the no of individual chars
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(100):='&V';
V1 VARCHAR2(100);
LB NUMBER;
LA NUMBER;
DIFF NUMBER;
C CHAR;
N NUMBER(5):=0;
BEGIN
V1:=V;
WHILE LENGTH(V1)>0
LOOP
C:=SUBSTR(V1,1,1);
LB:=LENGTH(V1);
V1:=REPLACE(V1,C);
LA:=NVL(LENGTH(V1),0);
DIFF:=LB-LA;
IF ASCII(C)=32 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SPACE'||' EXISTS '||DIFF||' TIMES');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(C||' EXISTS '||DIFF||' TIMES');
END IF;
N:=N+DIFF;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('TOTAL LENGTH OF THE GIVEN STRING '||V||'='||N);
END;
/
66.Write a program to display all combination of 1,2,&3
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..3
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..3
LOOP
FOR K IN 1..3
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(I||J||K);
END LOOP;
END LOOP;
END LOOP;
END;
/
67.Write a program to find out the series 12+22+32+42+....++n2
DECLARE
N NUMBER:=&N;
A NUMBER:=1;
B NUMBER:=2;
C NUMBER:=0;
D NUMBER:=0;
S NUMBER:=0;
BEGIN
WHILE A<=N
LOOP
C:=C+A*A;
A:=A+2;
END LOOP;
WHILE B<=N
LOOP
D:=D+B*B;
B:=B+2;
END LOOP;
S:=C-D;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('RESULT IS '||S);
END;
/
68.Write a program to accep the time in HH & MIN format and find the total senconds
DECLARE
H NUMBER:=&HOUR;
M NUMBER:=&MINUTE;
S NUMBER(10):=0;
BEGIN
S:=(H*60*60)+(M*60);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(H||' HOURS '||M||' MINUTES '||'IS'||S||' SECONDS');
END;
/
69.WAP to accept the distance between two cities in km and convert into mts ,cm & ft
DECLARE
D NUMBER:=&D;
M NUMBER:=0;
CM NUMBER:=0;
FT NUMBER:=0;
BEGIN
M:=D*1000;
CM:=M*100;
FT:=ROUND(CM/12.3);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DISTANCE IN METERS IS '||M);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DISTANCE IN CENTIMETERS IS '||CM);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DISTANCE IN FOOT IS '||FT);
END;
/
70.Write a program to find the series x+x2/2!+x3/3!+.....+xn/n!
DECLARE
N NUMBER:=&N;
X NUMBER:=&X;
S NUMBER:=0;
F NUMBER:=1;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..N
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
F:=F*J;
END LOOP;
S:=ROUND(s+(POWER(X,I)/F),3);
F:=1;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SUM OF NUMBER IS '||S);
END;
/
71.Write a program to accept the population of hyderabad each year the population increases
2% after 4y what is the population of hyd
DECLARE
P NUMBER:=&P;
L NUMBER;
BEGIN
FOR J IN 1..4
LOOP
L:=P*2/100;
P:=P+L;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('POPULATION OF HYDERABAD AFTER 4 YEARS IS '||TRUNC(P));
END;
/
72.WAP to accept the 3 dates and display the most recently month among 3 dates
DECLARE
D1 DATE:='&D1';
D2 DATE:='&D2';
D3 DATE:='&D3';
M1 NUMBER;
M2 NUMBER;
M3 NUMBER;
BEGIN
M1:=TO_CHAR(D1,'MM');
M2:=TO_CHAR(D2,'MM');
M3:=TO_CHAR(D3,'MM');
IF M1>M2 AND M1>M3 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(TO_CHAR(D1,'MON')||' IS RECENT MONTH');
ELSIF M2>M1 AND M2>M3 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(TO_CHAR(D2,'MON')||' IS RECENT MONTH');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(TO_CHAR(D3,'MON')||' IS RECENT MONTH');
END IF;
END;
/
73.Accept a string and print in the following format
O
OR
ORA
ORAC
ORACL
ORACLE
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(20):='&V';
C VARCHAR(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..LENGTH(V)
LOOP
C:=SUBSTR(V,1,I);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(C);
END LOOP;
END;
/
74.Write a program to accept the annual income of the emp and find the income tax
i) If the annsal > 60000 then tax is 10% of income
ii) If the annsal > 100000 then tax is Rs 800+16% of income
iii) If the annsal > 140000 then tax is Rs 2500+25% of income
DECLARE
AI NUMBER(10,2):=&ANNUALINCOME;
TAX NUMBER(10,3):=0;
BEGIN
IF AI BETWEEN 36000 AND 50000 THEN
TAX:=AI*10/100;
ELSIF AI BETWEEN 50000 AND 100000 THEN
TAX:=800+AI*16/100;
ELSIF AI > 100000 THEN
TAX:=2500+AI*25/100;
END IF;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ANNUAL INCOME '||AI);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('TAX '||TAX);
END;
/
75.WAP to accept a year as i/p & find how many even number present in that year
DECLARE
Y NUMBER:=&YEAR;
A VARCHAR2(20);
CNT NUMBER(5):=0;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..LENGTH(Y)
LOOP
A:=SUBSTR(Y,I,1);
IF MOD(A,2)=0 THEN
CNT:=CNT+1;
END IF;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('NUMBER OF EVEN DIGIT IS '||CNT);
END;
/
76.WAP to accept a year as i/p & find how many odd number present in that year
DECLARE
Y NUMBER:=&YEAR;
A VARCHAR2(20);
CNT NUMBER(5):=0;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..LENGTH(Y)
LOOP
A:=SUBSTR(Y,I,1);
IF MOD(A,2)!=0 THEN
CNT:=CNT+1;
END IF;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('NUMBER OF EVEN DIGIT IS '||CNT);
END;
/
77.WAP to accept a number and calculate the sum of numbers in even places
DECLARE
N NUMBER:=&NUMBER;
A VARCHAR2(10);
S NUMBER:=0;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..LENGTH(N)
LOOP
A:=SUBSTR(N,I,1);
IF MOD(I,2)=0 THEN
S:=S+A;
END IF;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SUM OF EVEN PLACE IS '||S);
END;
/
78.WAP to accept the emp details and calculate the bonus based on the following conditions
i) If sal < 500 then bonus is 10% sal
ii) If sal > 3500 then bonus is 12% sal
iii) If sal > 1000 then bonus is 13.5% sal
DECLARE
EMPNOV NUMBER:=&EMPNOV;
SALV NUMBER;
B NUMBER(7,2);
BEGIN
SELECT SAL INTO SALV FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO=EMPNOV;
IF SALV BETWEEN 500 AND 3500 THEN
B:=SALV*10/100;
ELSIF SALV BETWEEN 3500 AND 10000 THEN
B:=SALV*12/100;
ELSIF SALV>10000 THEN
B:=SALV*13.5/100;
END IF;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPNO '||EMPNOV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SALARY '||SALV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('BONUS '||B);
END;
/
79.WAP to accept the empno and display ename,sal,hiredate and calculate ta,da,hra,lic,gross,exp and
print all emp details. ta is 30% of sal,da is 20% of sal,hra is 15% of sal,lic is 5% of sal
DECLARE
EMPNOV NUMBER:=&EMPNOV;
ENAMEV EMP.ENAME%TYPE;
SALV EMP.SAL%TYPE;
HIREDATEV EMP.HIREDATE%TYPE;
EXP NUMBER(7,2);
TA NUMBER(7,2);
DA NUMBER(7,2);
HRA NUMBER(7,2);
LIC NUMBER(7,2);
GROSS NUMBER(7,2);
S NUMBER:=0;
BEGIN
SELECT ENAME,SAL,HIREDATE INTO ENAMEV,SALV,HIREDATEV FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO=EMPNOV;
EXP:=ROUND(MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,HIREDATEV)/12,3);
TA:=SALV*30/100;
DA:=SALV*20/100;
HRA:=SALV*15/100;
LIC:=SALV*5/100;
GROSS:=SALV+TA+DA+HRA-LIC;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPNO '||EMPNOV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME '||ENAMEV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SALARY '||SALV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EXPERIENCE '||EXP);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('TA '||TA);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DA '||DA);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('HRA '||HRA);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('LIC '||LIC);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('GROSS '||GROSS);
END;
/
80.WAP to accept the item no ,item name,qty,unit price and calculate the bill
If the bill > 500 then give discount 2% of bill amount and display the details
DECLARE
INO NUMBER:=&INO;
INAME VARCHAR2(50):='&INAME';
QTY NUMBER(5):=&QTY;
UP NUMBER(7,2):=&UP;
DIS NUMBER(7,2):=0;
BILL NUMBER(7,2);
NET NUMBER(7,2);
BEGIN
BILL:=QTY*UP;
IF BILL>500 THEN
DIS:=BILL*2/100;
END IF;
NET:=BILL-DIS;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ITEM NO '||INO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ITEM NAME '||INAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('QUANTITY '||QTY);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('UNIT PRICE '||UP);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('BILL AMT '||BILL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DISCOUNT '||DIS);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('NET AMT '||NET);
END;
/
81.Write a program to generate sequence of numbers horizontally from 1 to 25
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..25
LOOP
V:=V||' '||I;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
END;
/
82.WAP to accept a empno and display empno,name,sal,exp,dname,grade and loc.
DECLARE
EMPNOV NUMBER:=&EMPNO;
ENAMEV EMP.ENAME%TYPE;
HIREDATEV DATE;
SALV EMP.SAL%TYPE;
EXP NUMBER;
DNAMEV DEPT.DNAME%TYPE;
GRADEV SALGRADE.GRADE%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT ENAME,SAL,HIREDATE,DNAME,GRADE INTO ENAMEV,SALV,HIREDATEV,DNAMEV,GRADEV FROM EMP,DEPT,SALGRADE
WHERE EMPNO=EMPNOV AND EMP.DEPTNO=DEPT.DEPTNO AND SAL BETWEEN LOSAL AND HISAL;
EXP:=ROUND(MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,HIREDATEV)/12,3);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPNO '||EMPNOV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME '||ENAMEV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SALARY '||SALV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EXPERIENCE '||EXP||' YEARS');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DNAME '||DNAMEV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('GRADE '||GRADEV);
END;
/
83.WAP to accept a empno and display empno,based on experience calculate the bonus and store it into the bonus table
If exp > 5 years then bonus is 1 month salary
If exp between 5 and 9 years then bonus is 20% of annual salary
If exp more than 9 years then bonus is 1 month sal plus 25% of annual salary
DECLARE
EMPNOV NUMBER:=&EMPNO;
ENAMEV EMP.ENAME%TYPE;
HIREDATEV DATE;
SALV EMP.SAL%TYPE;
EXP NUMBER;
DNAMEV DEPT.DNAME%TYPE;
GRADEV SALGRADE.GRADE%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT ENAME,SAL,HIREDATE,DNAME,GRADE INTO ENAMEV,SALV,HIREDATEV,DNAMEV,GRADEV FROM EMP,DEPT,SALGRADE
WHERE EMPNO=EMPNOV AND EMP.DEPTNO=DEPT.DEPTNO AND SAL BETWEEN LOSAL AND HISAL;
EXP:=ROUND(MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,HIREDATEV)/12,3);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPNO '||EMPNOV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME '||ENAMEV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SALARY '||SALV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EXPERIENCE '||EXP||' YEARS');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DNAME '||DNAMEV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('GRADE '||GRADEV);
END;
/
84.WAP to accept the empno, based upon the dname transfer the emps ie, make the changes in the emp table. Transfer the emps from Accounting dept to Research, Research dept to Operation, Opertion dept to Sales
and Sales to Accounting dept
DECLARE
EMPNOV NUMBER:=&EMPNO;
DNAMEV VARCHAR2(20);
DNAMEVV VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT DNAME INTO DNAMEV FROM EMP,DEPT WHERE EMPNO=EMPNOV AND EMP.DEPTNO=DEPT.DEPTNO;
IF DNAMEV='ACCOUNTING' THEN
DNAMEVV:='RESEARCH';
ELSIF DNAMEV='RESEARCH' THEN
DNAMEVV:='SALES';
ELSIF DNAMEV='SALES' THEN
DNAMEVV:='OPERATIONS';
ELSIF DNAMEV='OPERATIONS' THEN
DNAMEVV:='ACCOUNTING';
END IF;
UPDATE EMP SET DEPTNO=(SELECT DEPTNO FROM DEPT WHERE DNAME=DNAMEVV) WHERE EMPNO=EMPNOV;
END;
/
85.WAP to accept the empno and display all the details of emp. If emp doesnot exist display the appreciate message
DECLARE
EMPNOV NUMBER:=&EMPNO;
EMPV EMP%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT * INTO EMPV FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO=EMPNOV;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPNO '||EMPV.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME '||EMPV.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('JOB '||EMPV.JOB);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SALARY '||EMPV.SAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('HIREDATE '||EMPV.HIREDATE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DEPTNO '||EMPV.DEPTNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('MGRNO '||EMPV.MGR);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('COMMISSION '||EMPV.COMM);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP NUMBER DOES NOT EXIST');
END;
/
86.WAP to accept the empno and print all the details of emp,dept and salgrade
DECLARE
E EMP%ROWTYPE;
D DEPT%ROWTYPE;
S SALGRADE%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT * INTO E FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO=&EMPNO;
SELECT * INTO D FROM DEPT WHERE E.DEPTNO=DEPT.DEPTNO;
SELECT * INTO S FROM SALGRADE WHERE E.SAL BETWEEN LOSAL AND HISAL;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPNO '||E.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DEPTNO '||D.DEPTNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DNAME '||D.DNAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('LOCATION '||D.LOC);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('GRADE '||S.GRADE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('HISALARY '||S.HISAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('LOWSALARY '||S.LOSAL);
END;
/
87.WAP to accept the mgrno and display the empno,ename,sal,dname and grade of all emps working under that mgr
DECLARE
MGRV NUMBER:=&MGRV;
CURSOR EMPCUR IS
SELECT EMPNO,ENAME,SAL,DEPTNO,GRADE FROM EMP,SALGRADE WHERE MGR=MGRV AND SAL BETWEEN LOSAL AND HISAL;
X EMPCUR%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN EMPCUR;
LOOP
FETCH EMPCUR INTO X;
EXIT WHEN EMPCUR%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPNO '||X.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME '||X.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SALARY '||X.SAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DEPTNO '||X.DEPTNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('GRADE '||X.GRADE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('******************');
END LOOP;
CLOSE EMPCUR;
END;
/
88.WAP to accept the empno and display the exp with minimum 3 decimal places
DECLARE
EMPNOV NUMBER:=&EMPNOV;
HIREDATEV DATE;
EXPV NUMBER(10,5);
BEGIN
SELECT HIREDATE INTO HIREDATEV FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO=EMPNOV;
EXPV:=ROUND(MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,HIREDATEV)/12,3);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EXPERIENCE OF EMP'||EMPNOV||' IS '||EXPV||' YEARS ');
END;
/
89.Write a program to print the following series
1
1 2
1 2 3
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4 5
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..5
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
V:=V||' '||J;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
90.Write a program to print the following series
1
2 1
3 2 1
4 3 2 1
5 4 3 2 1
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..5
LOOP
FOR J IN REVERSE 1..I
LOOP
V:=V||' '||J;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
91.Write a program to print the following series
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4
1 2 3
1 2
1
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN REVERSE 1..5
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
V:=V||' '||J;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
92.Write a program to print the following series
1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..5
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..5
LOOP
V:=V||' '||I;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
93.Write a program to print the following series
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..5
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..5
LOOP
V:=V||' '||J;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
94.Write a program to print the following series
5 4 3 2 1
5 4 3 2
5 4 3
5 4
5
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..5
LOOP
FOR J IN REVERSE 1..5
LOOP
IF I<=J THEN
V:=V||' '||J;
END IF;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
95.Write a program to print the following series
5 5 5 5 5
4 4 4 4
3 3 3
2 2
1
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN REVERSE 1..5
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..5
LOOP
IF I>=J THEN
V:=V||' '||I;
END IF;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
96.Write a program to print the following series
1
2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..5
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
V:=V||' '||I;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
97.Write a program to print the following series
1
0 1
1 0 1
0 1 0 1
1 0 1 0 1
DECLARE
A NUMBER:=1;
V VARCHAR2(20):=1;
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
FOR I IN 1..4
LOOP
IF SUBSTR(V,1,1)='1' THEN
V:='0'||V;
ELSE
V:='1'||V;
END IF;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
END LOOP;
END;
/
98.Write a program to print the following series
*
* *
* * *
* * * *
* * * * *
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..5
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
V:=V||' '||'*';
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
99.Write a program to print the following series
*
* *
* * *
* * * *
* * * * *
* * * *
* * *
* *
*
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..5
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
V:=V||' '||'*';
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
FOR I IN REVERSE 1..5
LOOP
FOR J IN 2..I
LOOP
V:=V||' '||'*';
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
100.Write a program to print the following series
1 2 3 4 5
2 3 4 5
3 4 5
4 5
5
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..5
LOOP
FOR J IN I..5
LOOP
V:=V||' '||J;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
101.Write a program to print the following series
5 4 3 2 1
4 3 2 1
3 2 1
2 1
1
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN REVERSE 1..5
LOOP
FOR J IN REVERSE 1..I
LOOP
V:=V||' '||J;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
102.WAP to accept 2 nos and find the sum and product of the nos and print the output
DECLARE
A NUMBER:=&A;
B NUMBER:=&B;
S NUMBER;
M NUMBER;
BEGIN
S:=A+B;
M:=A*B;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SUM OF '||'A'||' AND '||'B'||' IS '||S);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('PRODUCT OF '||'A'||' AND '||'B'||' IS '||M);
END;
/
103.WAP to accept 2 nos and find the remainder when the first number is divided by sencond(dont use mod function)
DECLARE
A NUMBER:=&A;
B NUMBER:=&B;
C NUMBER;
M NUMBER;
BEGIN
C:=TRUNC(A/B);
M:=A-C*B;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('REMAINDER IS '||M);
END;
/
104.WAP to display all the ASCII characters 0-9--48-57,A-Z--65-90,a-z--97-122
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..255
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(I||'-'||CHR(I));
END LOOP;
END;
/
105.Print the following format
ORACLE
ORACL
ORAC
ORA
OR
O
DECLARE
STR VARCHAR2(10):='&STR';
L VARCHAR2(10);
N NUMBER(15);
BEGIN
N:=LENGTH(STR);
WHILE N>=1
LOOP
L:=SUBSTR(STR,1,N);
N:=N-1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(L);
END LOOP;
END;
/
106.WAP to display "GOOD MORNING" or "GOOD AFTERNOON" or "GOOD NIGHT" depending upon the current time
DECLARE
HH NUMBER;
BEGIN
HH:=TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH24');
IF HH>6 AND HH<12 p="" then="">DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('GOOD MORNING');
ELSIF HH>=12 AND HH<18 p="" then="">DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('GOOD AFTERNOON');
ELSIF HH>=18 AND HH<25 p="" then="">DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('GOOD NIGHT');
END IF;
END;
/
107.WAP to accept two strings and concat the two strings
DECLARE
STR VARCHAR2(20):='&STR';
STR1 VARCHAR2(20):='&STR1';
V VARCHAR2(40);
BEGIN
V:=STR||''||STR1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
END;
/
108.WAP to accept a string and count the no of chars,words in that string
DECLARE
STR VARCHAR2(20):='&STR';
NOC NUMBER(4):=0;
NOW NUMBER(4):=1;
S CHAR;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..LENGTH(STR)
LOOP
S:=SUBSTR(STR,I,1);
NOC:=NOC+1;
IF S=' ' THEN
NOW:=NOW+1;
END IF;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE NO. OF CHARS '||NOC);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE NO. OF WORDS '||NOW);
END;
/
109.WAP to accept the octal number and print it in decimal format
DECLARE
N VARCHAR2(20):='&N';
A NUMBER;
P NUMBER:=0;
C CHAR;
BEGIN
A:=LENGTH(N);
FOR I IN 1..A
LOOP
C:=SUBSTR(N,I,1);
P:=P+C*POWER(8,A-I);
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE INTEGER OF A GIVEN OCTAL IS '||P);
END;
/
110.WAP to accept the mgr and find how many emps are working under that mgr
DECLARE
MGRV EMP.MGR%TYPE:=&MGRNO;
N NUMBER:=0;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO N FROM EMP WHERE MGR=MGRV;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('NUMBER OF EMPLOYEE UNDER THAT MANAGER ARE '||N);
END;
/
111.WAP to accept the empno and update the employee row on the following
If sal < 2600 then sal=sal+10% of sal make the changes in the emp table
DECLARE
EMPNOV EMP.EMPNO%TYPE:=&EMPNO;
SALV NUMBER(7,2):=0;
BEGIN
SELECT SAL INTO SALV FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO=EMPNOV;
IF SALV < 2600 THEN
SALV:=SALV+SALV*(10/100);
END IF;
UPDATE EMP SET SAL=SALV WHERE EMPNO=EMPNOV;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPNO IS '||EMPNOV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SAL IS '||SALV);
END;
/
112.Write the floyd's triangle
1
2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21
...............
79..............91
DECLARE
N NUMBER:=1;
V VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..92
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
V:=V||' '||N;
N:=N+1;
EXIT WHEN N=92;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
EXIT WHEN N=92;
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
113.WAP to accept the real value and print integer value only
DECLARE
N NUMBER(7,3):=&N;
A NUMBER(5);
BEGIN
A:=TRUNC(N);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('REAL VALUE IS '||A);
END;
/
114.WAP to calculate the sum of n odd factorials
DECLARE
N NUMBER:=&N;
S NUMBER:=0;
F NUMBER:=1;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..N
LOOP
IF MOD(I,2)!=0 THEN
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
F:=F*J;
END LOOP;
S:=S+F;
F:=1;
END IF;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SUM '||S);
END;
/
115.WAP to calculate the sum of n even factorials
DECLARE
N NUMBER:=&N;
S NUMBER:=0;
F NUMBER:=1;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..N
LOOP
IF MOD(I,2)=0 THEN
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
F:=F*J;
END LOOP;
S:=S+F;
F:=1;
END IF;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SUM '||S);
END;
/
116.WAP to generate the nos which are prime and odd between 1 and 100
DECLARE
N NUMBER;
CNT NUMBER:=0;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..100
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
IF MOD(I,J)=0 THEN
CNT:=CNT+1;
END IF;
END LOOP;
IF CNT <= 2 THEN
IF MOD(I,2)!=0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(I);
END IF;
END IF;
CNT:=0;
END LOOP;
END;
/
117.Write a program to generate following series
12
12 22
12 22 32
12 22 32 42
12 22 32 42 52
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..5
LOOP
FOR J IN 1..I
LOOP
V:=V||' '||J||CHR(178);
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
V:=NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
/
118.Find the roots of a quadratic equation
DECLARE
A NUMBER(4):=&A;
B NUMBER(4):=&B;
C NUMBER(4):=&C;
D NUMBER(8,2);
R1 NUMBER(8,2);
R2 NUMBER(8,2);
BEGIN
D:=POWER(B,2)-4*A*C;
IF D = 0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ROOTS ARE EQUAL');
ELSIF D > 0 THEN
R1:=(-B+SQRT(D))/2*A;
R2:=(-B-SQRT(D))/2*A;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('FIRST ROOT IS '||R1);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SECOND ROOT IS '||R2);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ROOTS ARE IMAGINARY');
END IF;
END;
/
119.WAP to accept the 2 diff nos, assume that first one is smaller and second one is highest value then print the all even nos in between them horizontally
DECLARE
A NUMBER:=&A;
B NUMBER:=&B;
V VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
FOR I IN A..B
LOOP
IF MOD(I,2)=0 THEN
V:=V||' '||I;
END IF;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
END;
/
120.WAP to accept two diff nos assume that first one is smaller and second one is highest value then print the all odd nos in between them horizontally
DECLARE
A NUMBER:=&A;
B NUMBER:=&B;
V VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
FOR I IN A..B
LOOP
IF MOD(I,2)!=0 THEN
V:=V||' '||I;
END IF;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
END;
/
121. Write a program to accept a year and display the emps belongs to that year?
DECLARE
Y NUMBER(4):=&YEAR;
CURSOR YEAR IS
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE TO_CHAR(HIREDATE,'YYYY')=Y;
B YEAR%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN YEAR;
LOOP
FETCH YEAR INTO B;
EXIT WHEN YEAR%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP NO IS ' || B.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP NAME IS ' || B.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP SAL IS ' || B.SAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('HIREDATE IS ' || B.HIREDATE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP JOB IS ' || B.JOB);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('*************************');
END LOOP;
CLOSE YEAR;
END;
/
122.Write a program to accept a mgr and display who are working under that mgr?
DECLARE
MGRV NUMBER(4):=&MGR;
CURSOR AMGR IS
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE MGR=MGRV;
B AMGR%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN AMGR;
LOOP
FETCH AMGR INTO B;
EXIT WHEN AMGR%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP NO IS ' || B.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP NAME IS ' || B.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP SAL IS ' || B.SAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('HIREDATE IS ' || B.HIREDATE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP JOB IS ' || B.JOB);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('*************************');
END LOOP;
CLOSE AMGR;
END;
/
123. Write a program to accept the grade and display emps belongs to that grade?
DECLARE
GRADEV SALGRADE.GRADE%TYPE:=&GRADE;
CURSOR A IS
SELECT EMP.*,GRADE FROM EMP,SALGRADE WHERE SAL BETWEEN LOSAL AND HISAL AND GRADE=GRADEV;
B A%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN A;
LOOP
FETCH A INTO B;
EXIT WHEN A%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP NO IS ' || B.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME IS ' || B.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SAL IS ' || B.SAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('MGR NO IS ' || B.MGR);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('COMM IS ' || B.COMM);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('HIREDATE IS ' || B.HIREDATE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('GRADE IS ' || B.GRADE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP JOB IS ' || B.JOB);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('*************************');
END LOOP;
CLOSE A;
END;
/
124. Write a program to accept a deptno and display who are working in that dept?
DECLARE
DEPTV EMP.DEPTNO%TYPE:=&DEPTNO;
CURSOR A IS
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE DEPTNO=DEPTV;
B A%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN A;
LOOP
FETCH A INTO B;
EXIT WHEN A%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP NO IS ' || B.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME IS ' || B.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SAL IS ' || B.SAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('MGR NO IS ' || B.MGR);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('COMM IS ' || B.COMM);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('HIREDATE IS ' || B.HIREDATE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DEPTNO IS ' || B.DEPTNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP JOB IS ' || B.JOB);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('*************************');
END LOOP;
CLOSE A;
END;
/
125. Write a program to display all the information of emp table?
DECLARE
CURSOR A IS
SELECT * FROM EMP;
B A%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN A;
LOOP
FETCH A INTO B;
EXIT WHEN A%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP NO IS ' || B.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME IS ' || B.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SAL IS ' || B.SAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('MGR NO IS ' || B.MGR);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('COMM IS ' || B.COMM);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('HIREDATE IS ' || B.HIREDATE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DEPTNO IS ' || B.DEPTNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP JOB IS ' || B.JOB);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('*************************');
END LOOP;
CLOSE A;
END;
/
126. Write a program to accept the location and display empno, name, sal , date of join and also display the total salary, avg salary and no of emps?
DECLARE
LOCV DEPT.LOC%TYPE:='&LOC';
TOT NUMBER(10,2):=0;
ASAL NUMBER(10,2):=0;
NOEMPS NUMBER(5):=0;
CURSOR A IS
SELECT EMP.*,LOC FROM EMP,DEPT WHERE EMP.DEPTNO=DEPT.DEPTNO AND LOC=LOCV;
B A%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN A;
LOOP
FETCH A INTO B;
NOEMPS:=NOEMPS+1;
TOT:=TOT+B.SAL;
ASAL:=TOT/NOEMPS;
EXIT WHEN A%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP NO IS ' || B.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME IS ' || B.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SAL IS ' || B.SAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('HIREDATE IS ' || B.HIREDATE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DEPTNO IS ' || B.DEPTNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP JOB IS ' || B.JOB);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('LOC IS ' || B.LOC);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('TOT IS ' || TOT);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('NOEMPS IS ' || NOEMPS);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ASAL IS ' || ASAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('*************************');
END LOOP;
CLOSE A;
END;
/
127. Write a program to accept a range of salary (that is lower boundary and higher boundary) and print the details of emps along with loc,grade and exp?
DECLARE
LOSALV SALGRADE.LOSAL%TYPE:=&LOSAL;
HISALV SALGRADE.HISAL%TYPE:=&HISAL;
EXP NUMBER(5,2);
CURSOR A IS
SELECT EMP.*,LOC,GRADE FROM EMP,DEPT,SALGRADE WHERE EMP.DEPTNO=DEPT.DEPTNO
AND SAL BETWEEN LOSALV AND HISALV
AND SAL BETWEEN LOSAL AND HISAL;
B A%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN A;
LOOP
FETCH A INTO B;
EXIT WHEN A%NOTFOUND;
EXP:=MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,B.HIREDATE)/12;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP NO IS ' || B.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME IS ' || B.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP JOB IS ' || B.JOB);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('LOC IS ' || B.LOC);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EXP IS ' || EXP);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('GRADE IS ' || B.GRADE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('*************************');
END LOOP;
CLOSE A;
END;
/
128. Write a program to print all the details of emps accepting the job?
DECLARE
JOBV EMP.JOB%TYPE:='&JOB';
CURSOR A IS
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE JOB=JOBV;
B A%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN A;
LOOP
FETCH A INTO B;
EXIT WHEN A%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP NO IS ' || B.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME IS ' || B.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMP JOB IS ' || B.JOB);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('*************************');
END LOOP;
CLOSE A;
END;
/
129. Write a program to display the details of emps year wise?
DECLARE
CURSOR YEARS IS
SELECT DISTINCT TO_CHAR(HIREDATE,'YYYY') YEARS1 FROM EMP ORDER BY 1;
YEAR YEARS%ROWTYPE;
CURSOR A IS
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE TO_CHAR(HIREDATE,'YYYY')=YEAR.YEARS1;
B A%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.ENABLE(10000);
OPEN YEARS;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('********************');
LOOP
FETCH YEARS INTO YEAR;
EXIT WHEN YEARS%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('YEAR :' || YEAR.YEARS1);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('**********************');
OPEN A;
LOOP
FETCH A INTO B;
EXIT WHEN A%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPNO IS ' || B.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME IS ' || B.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SALARY IS ' || B.SAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('JOB IS ' || B.JOB);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DEPTNO IS ' || B.DEPTNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('*************************');
END LOOP;
CLOSE A;
END LOOP;
CLOSE YEARS;
END;
/
130. Write a program to accept empno and print all the details along with loc and grade?
DECLARE
EMPNOV EMP.EMPNO%TYPE:=&EMPNO;
CURSOR A IS
SELECT EMP.*,GRADE,LOC FROM EMP,DEPT,SALGRADE
WHERE EMP.DEPTNO=DEPT.DEPTNO
AND SAL BETWEEN LOSAL AND HISAL AND EMPNO=EMPNOV;
B A%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN A;
LOOP
FETCH A INTO B;
EXIT WHEN A%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPNO IS ' || B.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME IS ' || B.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SALARY IS ' || B.SAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('JOB IS ' || B.JOB);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('HIREDATE IS ' || B.HIREDATE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('LOC IS ' || B.LOC);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('GRADE IS ' || B.GRADE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('*************************');
END LOOP;
CLOSE A;
END;
/
131. Write a procedure to create your own print statement?
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE PRINT(V VARCHAR2)
IS
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(V);
END;
/
132. Write a procedure to accept the deptno as parameter and display the details of that dept also display the total salary, no of employees, max sal and avg sal?
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE EMPPRO(DEPTNOV NUMBER)
IS
CURSOR A IS
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE DEPTNO=DEPTNOV;
B A%ROWTYPE;
NOE NUMBER:=0;
TOT NUMBER:=0;
AVGS NUMBER(7,2):=0;
MAXS NUMBER(7,2):=0;
BEGIN
OPEN A;
LOOP
FETCH A INTO B;
EXIT WHEN A%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPNO :'||B.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME :'||B.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('JOB :'||B.JOB);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SAL :'||B.SAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('HIREDATE :'||B.HIREDATE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('COMM :'||B.COMM);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('**********************');
TOT:=TOT+B.SAL;
NOE:=NOE+1;
IF B.SAL>MAXS THEN
MAXS:=B.SAL;
END IF;
END LOOP;
AVGS:=TOT/NOE;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('NO OF EMPLOYEE :'||NOE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('TOTAL SALARY :'||TOT);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('AVG SALARY :'||AVGS);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('MAX SALARY :'||MAXS);
CLOSE A;
END;
/
133. Write a procedure to accept two different numbers and print all odd numbers between the two given numbers?
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE ODDNO(A NUMBER,B NUMBER)
IS
N NUMBER(4);
BEGIN
N:=A;
WHILE NLOOP
IF MOD(N,2)!=0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(N);
END IF;
N:=N+1;
END LOOP;
END;
/
134. Write a procedure to accept two different numbers and print even numbers between the two given numbers?
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE EVENNO(A NUMBER,B NUMBER)
IS
N NUMBER(4);
BEGIN
N:=A;
WHILE NLOOP
IF MOD(N,2)=0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(N);
END IF;
N:=N+1;
END LOOP;
END;
/
135. Write a procedure to accept deptno as input and print the details of emps along with grade?
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE EMP_DETAIL(DEPTNOV NUMBER)
IS
CURSOR A IS
SELECT EMP.*,GRADE FROM EMP,SALGRADE
WHERE SAL BETWEEN LOSAL AND HISAL
AND DEPTNO=DEPTNOV;
B A%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN A;
LOOP
FETCH A INTO B;
EXIT WHEN A%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPNO IS '||B.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME IS '||B.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('JOB IS '||B.JOB);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SAL IS '||B.SAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DEPTNO IS '||B.DEPTNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('GRADE IS '||B.GRADE);
END LOOP;
CLOSE A;
END;
/
136. Write a procedure to accept a number as parameter and print its multiplication table?
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE MULT(A NUMBER)
IS
B NUMBER(2) DEFAULT 1;
C NUMBER(3);
BEGIN
WHILE B<=10
LOOP
C:=A*B;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(A||'*'||B||'='||C);
B:=B+1;
END LOOP;
END;
/
137. Write a procedure to accept two different numbers as input and print all even numbers and odd numbers in between them in two different horizontal lines?
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE EVENODD(A NUMBER,B NUMBER)
IS
N NUMBER;
EV VARCHAR2(1000);
OD VARCHAR2(1000);
BEGIN
N:=A;
WHILE NLOOP
IF MOD(N,2)!=0 THEN
OD:=OD||' '||N;
ELSE
EV:=EV||' '||N;
END IF;
N:=N+1;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE ODD NOS ARE '||OD);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('THE EVEN NOS ARE '||EV);
END;
/
138. Write a procedure to accept a string and check whether it is palindrome or not?
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE STRPAL(STR VARCHAR2)
IS
STR1 VARCHAR2(10);
S VARCHAR2(10);
BEGIN
FOR I IN REVERSE 1..LENGTH(STR)
LOOP
S:=SUBSTR(STR,I,1);
STR1:=STR1||S;
END LOOP;
IF STR1=STR THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('IT IS PALINDROME '||STR1);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('IT IS NOT PALINDROME '||STR1);
END IF;
END;
/
139. Write a procedure to accept a string and print it in reverse order?
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE STRREV(STR VARCHAR2)
IS
STR1 VARCHAR2(10);
S VARCHAR2(10);
BEGIN
FOR I IN REVERSE 1..LENGTH(STR)
LOOP
S:=SUBSTR(STR,I,1);
STR1:=STR1||S;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ORIGINAL '||STR);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('REVERSE '||STR1);
END;
/
140. Write a procedure to accept the empno and print all the details of emp along with exp, grade and loc?
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE EMP_DET(EMPNOV NUMBER)
IS
EXP NUMBER(6,2);
E EMP%ROWTYPE;
GRADEV SALGRADE.GRADE%TYPE;
LOCV DEPT.LOC%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT EMP.* INTO E FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO=EMPNOV;
SELECT LOC INTO LOCV FROM DEPT WHERE DEPT.DEPTNO=E.DEPTNO;
SELECT GRADE INTO GRADEV FROM SALGRADE WHERE E.SAL BETWEEN LOSAL AND HISAL;
EXP:=MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,E.HIREDATE)/12;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPNO IS '||E.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME IS '||E.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SAL IS '||E.SAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('JOB IS '||E.JOB);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('LOC IS '||LOCV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('GRADE IS '||GRADEV);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EXP IS '||EXP);
END;
/
141. Write a procedure to accept dname irrespective of case and print all the details of emps?
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE DETAILS(DNAMEV VARCHAR2)
IS
CURSOR A IS
SELECT EMP.*,DNAME FROM EMP,DEPT WHERE EMP.DEPTNO=DEPT.DEPTNO AND DNAME=DNAMEV;
B A%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN A;
LOOP
FETCH A INTO B;
EXIT WHEN A%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPNO IS '||B.EMPNO);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ENAME IS '||B.ENAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SAL IS '||B.SAL);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('JOB IS '||B.JOB);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('DNAME IS '||B.DNAME);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('HIREDATE IS '||B.HIREDATE);
END LOOP;
END;
/
142. Write a procedure to accept a string and print it in reverse case?
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE S_R_CASE(STR VARCHAR2)
IS
S VARCHAR2(10);
V VARCHAR2(10);
N NUMBER(3);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..LENGTH(STR)
LOOP
S:=SUBSTR(STR,I,1);
N:=ASCII(S);
IF N BETWEEN 65 AND 90 THEN
V:=V||CHR(N+32);
ELSE
V:=V||CHR(N-32);
END IF;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('STRING IN REVERSE CASE IS '||V);
END;
/
143. Write a function to accept the empno and return exp with minimum 3 decimal?
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION E_DETAILS(EMPNOV NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
IS
HIREDATEV EMP.HIREDATE%TYPE;
EXP NUMBER(6,3);
BEGIN
SELECT HIREDATE INTO HIREDATEV FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO=EMPNOV;
EXP:=MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,HIREDATEV)/12;
RETURN EXP;
END;
/
144. Write a function to accept a number and print the factorial of that number?
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION FAC(NUM NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
IS
FACT NUMBER(4):=1;
BEGIN
FOR I IN REVERSE 1..NUM
LOOP
FACT:=FACT*I;
END LOOP;
RETURN FACT;
END;
/
145. Write a function to accept a grade and return the number of emps belongs to that grade?
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION EMPGRADE(GRADEV NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
N NUMBER(4);
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO N FROM EMP,SALGRADE
WHERE SAL BETWEEN LOSAL AND HISAL AND GRADE=GRADEV;
RETURN 'NO OF EMPS ARE'||N;
END;
/
146. Write a program to accept the mgr number and return no of emp working at that mgr?
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION N_EMPS(MGRV NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
N NUMBER(4);
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO N FROM EMP WHERE MGR=MGRV;
RETURN 'THE NO OF EMPS ARE WORKING UNDER THIS MGR IS '||N;
END;
/
147. Write a function to accept a character string and print it in reverse case?
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION REVERSE(STR VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
STR1 VARCHAR2(20);
S VARCHAR2(20);
N NUMBER(4);
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..LENGTH(STR)
LOOP
S:=SUBSTR(STR,I,1);
N:=ASCII(S);
IF N BETWEEN 65 AND 90 THEN
STR1:=STR1||CHR(N+32);
ELSE
STR1:=STR1||CHR(N-32);
END IF;
END LOOP;
RETURN 'THE REVERSE CASE IS '||STR1;
END;
/
148. Write a function to accept a string and check whether it is palindrome or not?
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION STRPAL1(STR VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
STR1 VARCHAR2(10);
S VARCHAR2(10);
BEGIN
FOR I IN REVERSE 1..LENGTH(STR)
LOOP
S:=SUBSTR(STR,I,1);
STR1:=STR1||S;
END LOOP;
IF STR1=STR THEN
RETURN 'IT IS PALINDROME '||STR1;
ELSE
RETURN 'IT IS NOT PALINDROME '||STR1;
END IF;
END;
/
149. Write a function to accept the grade and return max, tot, avg salary and number of emps belongs to that grade as script without using any group functions?
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION EMP_DETAILS_SCRIPT (GRADEV SALGRADE.GRADE%TYPE) RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
V VARCHAR2(30000);
CURSOR EMP_CUR IS
SELECT EMP.*,GRADE,DNAME FROM DEPT,EMP,SALGRADE
WHERE GRADE=GRADEV AND EMP.DEPTNO=DEPT.DEPTNO AND
SAL BETWEEN LOSAL AND HISAL;
EMP_CUR_V EMP_CUR%ROWTYPE;
MAXSAL EMP.SAL%TYPE:=0;
MINSAL EMP.SAL%TYPE;
AVGSAL NUMBER(6,2);
SUMSAL NUMBER(10,2):=0;
CNT NUMBER:=0;
FLAG CHAR:=0;
EX EXCEPTION;
BEGIN
OPEN EMP_CUR;
LOOP
FETCH EMP_CUR INTO EMP_CUR_V;
EXIT WHEN EMP_CUR%NOTFOUND;
IF MAXSAL < EMP_CUR_V.SAL THEN
MAXSAL:=EMP_CUR_V.SAL;
END IF;
IF FLAG=0 THEN
MINSAL:=EMP_CUR_V.SAL;
FLAG:=1;
ELSIF FLAG=1 AND MINSAL > EMP_CUR_V.SAL THEN
MINSAL:=EMP_CUR_V.SAL;
END IF;
SUMSAL:=SUMSAL+EMP_CUR_V.SAL;
CNT:=CNT+1;
ENDLOOP;
IF CNT=0 THEN
RAISE EX;
END IF;
AVGSAL:=SUMSAL/CNT;
V:='THE MAXIMUM SALARY OF GRADE' ||GRADEV||' IS'||MAXSAL||' MINIMUM SALARY IS'||MINSAL||
'AVERAGE SALARY IS'||AVGSAL||' TOTAL EMPS WORKING FOR THIS GRADE ARE'||CNT;
CLOSE EMP_CUR;
RETURN V;
EXCEPTION
WHEN EX THEN
RETURN 'THERE IS NO EMPLOYEE WORKING FOR THIS GRADE, CHECK AND RE-ENTER THE GRADE....';
END;
/
150. Create a package to store the following procedure for multiplication table,even-odd, function for factorial and function for palindrome?
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE DATA
IS
PROCEDURE MULT(A NUMBER);
PROCEDURE EVEN_ODD(N NUMBER);
FUNCTION FACT(N NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER;
PRAGMA RESTRICT_REFERENCES(FACT,WNDS);
FUNCTION PALEN(SRT VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;
PRAGMA RESTRICT_REFERENCES(PALEN,WNDS);
END;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY DATA
IS
PROCEDURE MULT(A NUMBER)
IS
M NUMBER;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..10
LOOP
M:=A*I;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(A||'*'||I||'='||M);
END LOOP;
END;
PROCEDURE EVEN_ODD(N NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
IF MOD(N,2)=0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(N||' IS EVEN NUMBER');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(N||' IS NOT EVEN NUMBER');
END IF;
END;
FUNCTION FACT(N NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
IS
F NUMBER:=1;
BEGIN
FOR I IN 1..N
LOOP
F:=F*I;
END LOOP;
RETURN F;
END;
FUNCTION PALEN(SRT VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
S CHAR;
V VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
FOR I IN REVERSE 1..LENGTH(SRT)
LOOP
S:=SUBSTR(SRT,I,1);
V:=V||S;
END LOOP;
IF V=SRT THEN
RETURN 'PALINDROME';
ELSE
RETURN 'NOT PALINDROME';
END IF;
END;
END;
/
151.Write a database trigger halt the transaction on Sunday on EMP table
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER SUN_TRI
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON EMP
DECLARE
DY VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
DY:=TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DY');
IF DY='SUN' THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20005,'TODAY IS SUNDAY TRANSACTION NOT ALLOWED TODAY');
END IF;
END;
/
152.Write a database trigger halt the transaction of USER SCOTT on table EMP
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER SCOTT_TRI
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON EMP
BEGIN
IF USER = 'SCOTT' THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20006,'TRANSACTION NOT ALLOWED FOR SCOTT');
END IF;
END;
/
153.Write a database trigger halt the transaction between the the time 6pm to 10am on table emp
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER OVER_TIME_TRI
BEFORE INSERT OR DELETE OR UPDATE ON EMP
DECLARE
T NUMBER;
BEGIN
T:=TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH24');
IF T NOT BETWEEN 10 AND 18 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20007,'TIME ALREADY OVER.....TRANSACTION NOT ALLOWED NOW');
END IF;
END;
154.Write a database trigger to halt the transaction for the employee SALESMAN and
PRESIDENT
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER SALES_PRI
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON EMP
FOR EACH ROW
WHEN (OLD.JOB IN ('SALESMAN','PRESIDENT') OR
NEW.JOB IN ('SALESMAN','PRESIDENT'))
BEGIN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20008,'TRANSACTION NOT ALLOWED FOR SALESMAN AND PRESIDENT....');
END;
/
155.Write a database trigger stroe the username ,type of transaction ,date of transaction and time of transaction of table emp into the table EMP_LOG
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TRANS_TYPE
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON EMP
DECLARE
V VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
IF INSERTING THEN
V:='I';
ELSIF UPDATING THEN
V:='U';
ELSE
V:='D';
END IF;
INSERT INTO EMP_LOG VALUES (USER,V,SYSDATE,TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH:MI:SS'));
END;
/
156.Write a database trigger store the deleted data of EMP table in EMPDEL table
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER DEL_TRI
BEFORE DELETE ON EMP
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
INSERT INTO EMPDEL
VALUES (:OLD.EMPNO,:OLD.ENAME,:OLD.JOB,:OLD.MGR,:OLD.HIREDATE,:OLD.SAL,:OLD.COMM,
:OLD.DEPTNO,SYSDATE,TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH:MI:SS));
END;
/
157.Write a database trigger display the message when the inserting hiredate is greater than system date
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER HIREDATE_OVER
AFTER INSERT ON EMP
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF :NEW.HIREDATE > SYSDATE THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20009,'INVALID HIREDATE.....');
END IF;
END;
/
158.Write a database trigger halt the transaction of EMP table if the deptno is does not exist in the dept table
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER DEPT_NO
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON EMP
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
DNO NUMBER:=0;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO DNO FROM DEPT WHERE DEPTNO=:NEW.DEPTNO;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(DNO);
IF DNO=0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20009,'DEPTNO NOT EXIST IN DEPT TABLE....');
END IF;
END;
/
159.Write a database trigger add Rs 500 if the inserting salary is less than Rs 1000
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER SAL_ADD
BEFORE INSERT ON EMP
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF :NEW.SAL <= 1000 THEN
:NEW.SAL:=:NEW.SAL+500;
END IF;
END;
/
160.Write a database trigger give the appropriate message if the record exceed more than 100 on EMP table
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER EMP_OVER_REC
AFTER INSERT ON EMP
DECLARE
R NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO R FROM EMP;
IF R>=100 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20009,'100 RECORD ALLOWED IN EMP TABLE.....');
END IF;
END;
/
161.Write a program to month and year and display the Calendar of that month.
DECLARE
D NUMBER:=1;
M VARCHAR2(10):='&MONTH';
Y NUMBER:=&YEAR;
C CHAR(20);
V VARCHAR2(500);
N NUMBER;
BEGIN
N:=TO_CHAR(LAST_DAY(D||'-'||M||'-'||Y),'DD');
C:= TO_CHAR(TO_DATE(D||'-'||M||'-'||Y),'DY');
dbms_output.put_line('*********************************');
dbms_output.put_line('* '||M||'-'||Y||' *');
dbms_output.put_line('*SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT *');
dbms_output.put_line('**********************************');
IF C='MON' THEN
V:=' ';
ELSIF C='TUE' THEN
V:=' ';
ELSIF C='WED' THEN
V:=' ';
ELSIF C='THU' THEN
V:=' ';
ELSIF C='FRI' THEN
V:=' ';
ELSIF C='SAT' THEN
V:=' ';
END IF;
FOR I IN 1..N
LOOP
V:=V||LPAD(I,4);
IF LENGTH(V)=28 THEN
dbms_output.put_line(LPAD(V,29,'*')||' *');
V:=NULL;
END IF;
END LOOP;
dbms_output.put_line('*'||RPAD(V,29)||'*');
END;
/


Please refer this link for more sql questions. SQL

Sunday, November 1, 2015

How to Recover the Voting disk in RAC Environment

I am demonstrating  the Voting disk recovery on this blog.  This exercise is tested in oracle12c test cluster environment. It is two node RAC and node names are RACTEST1 and RACTEST2.

My voting disk has external redundancy.   Hence it is only one copy of voting disk present on the ASM disk.

My goal is to corrupt the voting disk and restore in new disk.  Here are the high level steps.

  1. corrupt the voting disk
  2. shutdown the database
  3. stop the CRS service on all nodes
  4. start the CRS service on exclusive mode for ONE node
  5. create the new disk or Use existing disk
  6. Restore the voting disk to newly created node
  7. stop the CRS which is started on exclusive mode
  8. start the CRS on both node
  9. start the database and make sure all the instance are up 
  10. verify the cluster service and make sure all good!


Step 1

Let us check where the Voting disk is present on the cluster.

crsctl query css votedisk







The voting disk is stored on VOTE1 disk on the VOTE1 disk group.

Step 2

Let me corrupt the voting disk. Here is the command to corrupt the disk.

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/oracleasm/disks/VITE1 bs=4096 count=100










At this stage, clusterware should have stopped working. 

I rebooted the node and checked the cluster and the service was down. It is not necessary to reboot the node.  It is test environment and just rebooted to check the cluster service.  In production environment, it is enough to bounce the CRS service. 

Step 3

crsctl check crs
crsctl check cluster







Step 4   Shutdown the database



[oracle@RACTEST1 ~]$ srvctl status database -db govinddb
Instance govinddb1 is running on node ractest1
Instance govinddb2 is running on node ractest2
[oracle@RACTEST1 ~]$ srvctl stop database -db govinddb
[oracle@RACTEST1 ~]$  srvctl status database -db govinddb
Instance govinddb1 is not running on node ractest1
Instance govinddb2 is not running on node ractest2

[oracle@RACTEST1 ~]$

Step 5  Stop the CRS  on all nodes

[root@RACTEST1 bin]# ./crsctl stop crs -f
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'ractest1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gpnpd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.evmd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.mdnsd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.drivers.acfs' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gipcd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.drivers.acfs' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.evmd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gipcd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'ractest1' has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.
[root@RACTEST1 bin]#


[root@RACTEST2 bin]# ./crsctl stop crs -f
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'ractest2'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gipcd' on 'ractest2'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.mdnsd' on 'ractest2'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'ractest2'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gpnpd' on 'ractest2'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.evmd' on 'ractest2'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.drivers.acfs' on 'ractest2'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'ractest2' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.drivers.acfs' on 'ractest2' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gipcd' on 'ractest2' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'ractest2' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'ractest2' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.evmd' on 'ractest2' succeeded
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'ractest2' has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.

[root@RACTEST2 bin]#

Step 6  Start  the CRS  on one node with exclusive mode

[root@RACTEST1 bin]# ./crsctl start crs -excl
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.evmd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.mdnsd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.evmd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gpnpd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gipcd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gipcd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.diskmon' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.diskmon' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.crf' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.ctssd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.crf' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.ctssd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.asm' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.asm' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.storage' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.storage' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.crsd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.crsd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
[root@RACTEST1 bin]#

Step 7  Verify the ASM instance and make sure it is up and running.  Start the ASM instance if it is down. My case, ASM instance is started as part of starting the CRS service. We need ASM instance to restore the voting disk.

Login to ASM instance.

echo INSTANCE_TYPE=ASM >> /u01/app/oracle/init+ASM1.ora 
startup pfile='/u01/app/oracle/init+ASM1.ora';

Step 7  Create the new disk VOTE2 for restoring the voting disk.

SQL>CREATE DISKGROUP VOTE2 EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY
DISK 'ORCL:VOTE2'
ATTRIBUTE 'au_size'='4M',
'compatible.asm' = '11.2.0.2.0',
'compatible.rdbms' = '11.2.0.2.0',
'compatible.advm' = '11.2.0.2.0';
SQL>

Diskgroup created.


SQL>

Step 8  Restore the voting disk on newly created disk VOTE2.  

Let us check the current voting disk location.  Now no voting disk is displaying here. Since the voting disk is already corrupted.

[oracle@RACTEST1 bin]$ ./crsctl query css votedisk
Located 0 voting disk(s).

Now recover  the voting disk as below. Voting disk is automatically recovererd using the lastest available copy of OCR.

[oracle@RACTEST1 bin]$ ./crsctl replace votedisk +VOTE2
Successful addition of voting disk 5d17422445e54f1abf131f15b967c07f.
Successfully replaced voting disk group with +VOTE2.
CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced

Let us check the voting disk again.


[oracle@RACTEST1 bin]$  ./crsctl query css votedisk
##  STATE    File Universal Id                File Name Disk group
--  -----    -----------------                --------- ---------
 1. ONLINE   5d17422445e54f1abf131f15b967c07f (ORCL:VOTE2) [VOTE2]
Located 1 voting disk(s).
[oracle@RACTEST1 bin]$

Step 9  Stop the CRS on RACTEST1 which was started in exclusive mode.


[root@RACTEST1 bin]# ./crsctl stop crs
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'ractest1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.crsd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.crsd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.storage' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.mdnsd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gpnpd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.drivers.acfs' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.storage' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.drivers.acfs' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.crf' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ctssd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.evmd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.asm' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.crf' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ctssd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.evmd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.asm' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cssd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cssd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gipcd' on 'ractest1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gipcd' on 'ractest1' succeeded
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'ractest1' has complet ed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.

Step 10  Start the CRS on RACTEST1  and RACTEST1


[root@RACTEST1 bin]# ./crsctl start crs
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
[root@RACTEST1 bin]#


[root@RACTEST2 bin]# ./crsctl start crs
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
[root@RACTEST2 bin]#

Step 11 Make sure Cluster is up and running. Restart the  cluster if it is down.  But my case, cluster is up and running. 


[root@RACTEST1 bin]# ./crsctl check crs

CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online

CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online

CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online

CRS-4533: Event Manager is online



[root@RACTEST1 bin]# ./crsctl check cluster

CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online

CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online

CRS-4533: Event Manager is online

[root@RACTEST1 bin]#


Step 11  Start the database and monitor the alert log

[oracle@RACTEST1 ~]$  srvctl status database -db govinddb
Instance govinddb1 is not running on node ractest1
Instance govinddb2 is not running on node ractest2
[oracle@RACTEST1 ~]$ srvctl start database -db govinddb
[oracle@RACTEST1 ~]$ srvctl status database -db govinddb
Instance govinddb1 is running on node ractest1
Instance govinddb2 is running on node ractest2

[oracle@RACTEST1 ~]$

Additional note......

We do not need to bring the CRS  service down when there is at least one working copy is intact.

CRS should be up  on all nodes for the following operations(per Doc ID 428681.1)

1. Adding additional voting disk on the disk group
2. Moving the voting disk
3. Deleting one of the voting disk on the diskgroup
4. Adding another copy of OCR file on different disk
5. Moving the OCR file to different disk
6. Removing one copy of OCR file

CRS should be up in ONLY one node with exclusive mode as per Doc ID 1062983.1 for the following operations.

1. We have ONLY one copy of OCR file  and it is corrupted.
2. We have ONLY one copy of voting disk and it is corrupted